The border between Bulgaria and North Macedonia stretches for approximately 165 kilometers. It runs from the Serbian-Bulgarian-Macedonian tripoint in the north, near the town of Kjustendil, to the Greek-Bulgarian-Macedonian tripoint in the south. Key border crossings include:
- Gyueshevo–Deve Bair: This is the most significant and busiest crossing point, connecting the Bulgarian town of Gyueshevo with Deve Bair in North Macedonia, located near the town of Kumanovo.
- Zlatarovo–Novo Selo: A smaller crossing point connecting Bulgaria's Zlatarovo with North Macedonia’s Novo Selo.
The border area is marked by mountainous terrain, especially in the north, with the Osogovo Mountains forming a natural boundary in some parts. Both countries are members of the Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA), although North Macedonia is not yet an EU member, while Bulgaria is a member of the European Union, the Schengen Area, NATO, and the Council of Europe. It is also a founding member of the OSCE and has taken a seat on the United Nations Security Council three times.
Recent developments in the relationship between North Macedonia and Bulgaria have shown signs of both cooperation and ongoing challenges. One of the major recent achievements is the completion of a significant road project linking the two countries. In January 2024, a 13-kilometer section of road between Kriva Palanka in North Macedonia and the Deve Bair border crossing into Bulgaria was officially opened. This project, part of the European Corridor VIII, was seen as a step toward greater regional integration and economic cooperation, backed by funding from the European Union and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
However, political and historical tensions still persist. Bulgaria has historically blocked North Macedonia’s EU accession over disputes related to language, culture, and history. Despite this, a protocol was signed in 2022, aimed at easing these disputes and progressing toward EU membership for North Macedonia. The tensions reached a point in 2020 when Bulgaria vetoed North Macedonia’s EU talks, though the veto was eventually lifted in 2022 under pressure from the European Union
In 2021, North Macedonia faced a significant hurdle in its European Union accession talks, as the Bulgarian parliament blocked progress. However, following recent elections in both North Macedonia and Bulgaria, the newly formed governments in Skopje and Sofia have successfully brokered a compromise. This pivotal agreement now enables a cross-border cooperation initiative backed by EU funds, aimed at bolstering North Macedonia's aspirations for EU membership.
A notable milestone in this evolving relationship was the recent inauguration of a border crossing linking Strumyani and Berovo, which has further enhanced diplomatic relations between the two nations. In 2023, the presidents of North Macedonia and Bulgaria signed a crucial protocol designed to ease ongoing disputes, paving the way for renewed EU membership discussions.
Despite occasional tensions that may arise between the Bulgarian and North Macedonian communities, both countries remain committed to fostering a spirit of cooperation and mutual understanding in their quest for improved relations.
Efficient border management is essential for fostering trade, tourism, and strong bilateral relations between North Macedonia and Bulgaria. Both nations have significantly enhanced security measures and streamlined border crossings, making the process faster and more reliable. Skilled personnel, along with advanced surveillance and joint crime prevention efforts, ensure safety and prevent illegal immigration.
Border Crossing Procedures for Road Users between North Macedonia and Bulgaria
For a smooth and hassle-free crossing, border checkpoints are equipped with modern technologies, including automated passport control systems. Collaborative efforts between the two countries have harmonized regulations, making transit easier for all travelers, especially commercial vehicles, by reducing waiting times. If you’re entering Bulgaria, remember that a buy e-Vignette Bulgaria is required immediately upon crossing the border.
Important Things to Know Before You Travel:
- Valid travel documents: Ensure your passport is up-to-date and has sufficient validity.
- Visa requirements: Check if a visa is necessary for entry into either country.
- Customs declaration: Obtain your customs declaration at the border if required.
- Proof of accommodation and travel plans: It's recommended to have evidence of your accommodation and travel itinerary ready.
- Vaccination and health requirements: Consult a travel clinic for the latest health advisories.
- Currency and financial preparedness: Make sure you have adequate funds for your trip duration.
By staying informed and prepared, your journey across the North Macedonia-Bulgaria border will be smooth and worry-free.
Begin your journey from the Bulgarian city of Kyustendil, following the E871/Route 6 towards the Gyueshevo Border Crossing Station. Upon crossing into North Macedonia, you will join the E871/A2 at the Deve Bair Station. Along the way, make sure to visit the remarkable St. Joachim Osogovski Orthodox Monastery, or continue your drive to the town of Kriva Palanka. If your trip is in the opposite direction, heading towards Sofia, simply reverse these directions for a smooth journey back into Bulgaria.
Logodhaz - Delchevo
Starting from Logodhaz in Bulgaria, head west along Route 106 to reach the border crossing. After clearing the border, you'll find yourself on the A3 at the Delchevo Crossing Station. From there, you can proceed towards the city of Delchevo and beyond.
Zlatarevo - Novo Selo
Traveling from Bulgaria via Parvomay on Route 198, make your way to the Zlatarevo border post. After completing customs and immigration formalities, you'll cross into North Macedonia at the Novo Selo Border Station. From here, the A4 will guide you further into Novo Selo and beyond.
For those heading south from Novo Selo, it's just a short 60-kilometer drive to the Greek border along Route 198. This route is particularly popular with holidaymakers en route to the sunny Greek coast. After clearing customs at the North Macedonian border, travelers, especially EU citizens, will find the process smooth and straightforward, allowing for an easy transition into Greece.
Bulgaria and North Macedonia have made remarkable strides in upgrading their border infrastructure, recognizing the pivotal role that modernized facilities play in facilitating smooth, efficient crossings. With expanded and enhanced border posts, the process is now more streamlined and convenient for travelers. The introduction of cutting-edge biometric and electronic control systems has further accelerated border crossing procedures, offering a seamless experience.
Strengthening Cooperation at the North Macedonia-Bulgaria Border
Both countries are actively collaborating on joint initiatives aimed at bolstering cross-border connectivity. Supported by the European Parliament, these projects focus on advancing transport infrastructure, integrating digital solutions, and developing new transport corridors to ease the flow of trade and travel between the two nations.
A key highlight along this route is the St. Joachim Osogovski Orthodox Monastery, a significant landmark that showcases the region’s rich cultural and historical heritage. The border area is increasingly becoming a hub for tourism, with both nations offering breathtaking landscapes and a wealth of history that continues to draw visitors. As border management becomes more efficient and crossings smoother, tourism is set to flourish, bringing with it new revenue streams and job opportunities.
Despite past tensions, the Bulgaria-North Macedonia border now serves as a symbol of dynamic cooperation and partnership. Through ongoing dialogue and collaboration, considerable improvements have been made in border operations. Current projects and the expanding tourism industry further enhance the positive experience for those crossing this international boundary, reflecting the progress and mutual respect between these two nations.